Origins of Cornhole: Separating Legend from Fact
The origins of cornhole have no shortage of tales so let’s see if we can get to the bottom of it once and for all.
In this article you’ll learn:
But first, let’s make sure we’re on the same page.
What is corn hole?
Cornhole, also known as bean bag toss or bags, is a popular outdoor game that involves two or more players tossing small bags filled with corn or beans at a raised platform with a hole in it. The goal of the game is to score points by getting your bags to land on the platform or, preferably, in the hole. Players take turns throwing their bags, and the game typically continues until a predetermined score is reached.
History of cornhole: Importance of understanding it
Understanding the history of cornhole is an essential part of enjoying and appreciating this classic outdoor game. Knowing where it came from and how it evolved over time can enhance your appreciation of the game and give you a deeper understanding of its enduring appeal.
The history of cornhole is shrouded in mystery and legends, with different stories claiming different origins. Regardless of the origin story, what is clear is that cornhole has become a beloved game that has stood the test of time.
Understanding the origins of cornhole can also provide valuable insights into the game's evolution and its popularity today. For example, the game was originally played with small bags filled with beans or sand, but today, most players use bags filled with corn or synthetic resin pellets. Additionally, the rules of the game have been refined and standardized over time, with official organizations and tournaments now in place.
The history can also help folks appreciate the cultural significance of the game. For example, cornhole has become a popular game at tailgating events and backyard barbecues, bringing people together for fun and friendly competition. It has even become a recognized sport, with official rules and regulations, and professional players who compete in tournaments for cash prizes.
Many Corn Hole Origin Legends
The history of cornhole is shrouded in mystery and legend, there are many stories and myths that have been passed down through the generations. Some of these tales have become so ingrained in the cultural history of the game that they are widely accepted as fact, despite the lack of evidence to support them. In this section, we will explore some of the most popular unconfirmed tales associated with the history of cornhole and separate fact from fiction.
Legend 1: Jebediah McGillicuddy Invented Cornhole
Depiction of Jebediah McGillicuddy source: AI generated rendering
One of the most popular legends of cornhole is the claim that a farmer named Jebediah McGillicuddy invented the game. According to the legend, Jebediah was a farmer in the Midwest who wanted to create a game that he and his friends could play while taking breaks from working in the fields. He supposedly crafted the first cornhole boards from leftover pieces of wood and started using dried corn kernels as the game's main component. Another tale that may or may not be linked to Jebediah McGillicuddy claimed that the original cornhole boards were made from unused coffins. Perhaps the “leftover pieces of wood” were intended for coffins but there is no way to tell. The tale has likely evolved over time and there is no way to confirm how the boards came to be. It certainly adds to the mystique of the legend if Mr. McGillicuddy was in fact fabricating his boards from coffins.
Legend 2: Native American Origins of Cornhole
Artistic Rendering of a Native American playing ancient version of Cornhole Source: AI generated rendering
One of the most persistent legends surrounding the game of cornhole is that it was invented by Native Americans. According to this legend, tribes such as the Blackhawk, Apache, and Choctaw played a similar game, using stones or small bags filled with beans instead of corn. In this version of the game, players would toss their bags or stones into holes in the ground, much like modern-day cornhole.
Despite the lack of concrete evidence, some people continue to embrace the idea of cornhole as a Native American tradition. In fact, some organizations have even used cornhole as a way to connect with and honor Native American culture. For example, the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians hosts an annual cornhole tournament as part of its Harvest Fest celebration.
Legend 3: The Civil War Connection
Pencil sketch of Civil War Era Soldiers Playing a hypothetical version of Cornhole Source: AI generated rendering
Another popular legend surrounding the origins of the game is that it was played by soldiers during the Civil War. According to this tale, soldiers would pass the time between battles by tossing bags filled with beans into holes dug in the ground similar to the Native American legend. Some versions of the legend even claim that the game was used as a training exercise, with soldiers practicing their aim by trying to hit targets.
Why has this legend persisted for so long? One reason is that the game of cornhole has a distinctly rural, Americana feel to it, making it easy to imagine soldiers from that era playing. Additionally, the idea of soldiers using cornhole as a training exercise adds an extra layer of intrigue to the story.
It's also worth noting that many people have a deep connection to their family history and heritage, and the Civil War era holds a special significance for many Americans. Embracing the idea that cornhole has deep roots in American history, including the Civil War era, can be a way for people to connect with their ancestors and feel a sense of pride in their country.
While it's unlikely that the Civil War played any direct role in the development of cornhole, it's still possible that soldiers from that era played a similar game. After all, soldiers in any era need ways to pass the time and keep themselves entertained during long periods of downtime. So while we may never know for sure if Civil War soldiers played cornhole, it's not hard to imagine that they might have enjoyed a game or two if given the opportunity.
Debunking the myths
Debunking the Myth of Jebediah McGillicuddy
The story of Jebediah McGillicuddy as the inventor of cornhole is a modern-day myth that was likely created for entertainment purposes. It is not based on any historical evidence or facts. It is common for popular games and traditions to develop myths and legends around their origins, and cornhole is no exception. These stories can often add to the fun and excitement of the game, but it is important to remember that they are not necessarily accurate or reliable sources of information.
Debunking the Myth of Native American Origins
There is little evidence to support this claim. While it's certainly possible that Native Americans played games that involved throwing objects into holes, there is no definitive proof that these games were the direct precursor to modern cornhole.One factor that has contributed to the persistence of this legend is the fact that cornhole is often associated with rural, agricultural areas, and Native American tribes were historically connected to these types of communities. Additionally, the popularity of cornhole in the Midwest, where many Native American tribes have lived for generations, has helped to perpetuate the idea that the game has Native American roots.
Debunking the Myth of that Cornhole was played by soldiers during the Civil War.
It is also possible that soldiers may have played similar games during the war, there is no evidence to suggest that cornhole as we know it today was played during this time period. In fact, the earliest known mention of cornhole comes from a 1883 patent for a bean bag tossing game. While this is an interesting story, the fact that there are no records of it until nearly 20 years after the Civil War ended suggests that it did not originate during that time.
Lack of evidence
While myths and legends can be entertaining and even inspirational, they can also be dangerous when they are taken as fact without critical examination. In the case of cornhole, relying on myths and legends about its origins can lead to a distorted understanding of the game and its history. Let's take a closer look at why it is important to be wary of myths and legends.
The Dangers of Uncritical Acceptance
One of the main dangers of relying on myths and legends is that it can lead to a distorted understanding of the world. When we accept stories as true without questioning their veracity, we risk perpetuating falsehoods and misunderstandings. This can be especially dangerous when it comes to historical events or cultural traditions, as it can lead to an inaccurate view of the past and present.
The Importance of Historical Accuracy
Another reason to be wary of myths and legends is that they can obscure the true historical record. By accepting myths as fact, we risk overlooking important details or events that are critical to understanding the past. This can be especially problematic when it comes to cultural traditions, as it can lead to a misrepresentation of the values or beliefs of a particular culture or group.
The real origins of cornhole
The true origins of cornhole can be traced back to the late 1800s in the Midwest region of the United States however, it is difficult to pinpoint any one person and the details of how it exactly came to be are hazy. The game was originally played by farmers who would toss dried corn kernels into small holes on wooden boards as a way to pass the time during the down time as they waited for the crops to grow and before the busy harvest season. It was a simple and entertaining game that could be played with just a few people, making it perfect for social gatherings and community events.
One theory about the origin of cornhole is that it was invented by German immigrants who settled in the Midwest. According to this theory, the game was inspired by a German game called Dosenwerfen (can throwing). This game is similar to the carnival-style "knock down the cans'' game. Dosenwerfen involves throwing beanbags or other objects at stacked cans or bottles. The objective is to knock down as many cans as possible. However, there is no concrete evidence to support this theory. However it makes logical sense and has more merit than the legends mentioned above.
Farmers played an important role in the development of Cornhole in the Midwest. It became a popular pastime for this group, providing a fun and competitive way to spend an afternoon.
In addition to playing the game, farmers also played a role in the development of the equipment used. The original cornhole bags were typically made from feed sacks and filled with corn kernels. As the game gained popularity, manufacturers began producing specialized Cornhole bags made from duck cloth and filled with plastic pellets. Today, these bags are an essential part of the game and come in a variety of colors and designs.
Farmers also contributed to the spread of Cornhole beyond the Midwest. As they traveled to other regions for agricultural work, they often brought the game with them. In this way, Cornhole became a beloved pastime in other parts of the country, such as the South and the West Coast.
As the game gained popularity, it became known by various names such as “bean bag toss” and “hillbilly horseshoes.” The first official mention of the game as “Cornhole” was in a 1985 issue of the Cincinnati Enquirer, and it has since become the most widely recognized name for the game.
The Rise of Cornhole Beyond the Midwest
While cornhole has been played in the Midwest for decades, its popularity has exploded in recent years. The game is now a staple at backyard barbecues, tailgate parties, and even professional tournaments across the country. In fact, the American Cornhole League (ACL) was founded in 2015 and has since grown to become the largest Cornhole organization in the world.
One reason for the game’s rise in popularity is its accessibility. The game can be played by anyone, anywhere, with minimal equipment or experience. It is also relatively safe compared to other lawn games like horseshoes. Additionally, the game has become a cultural touchstone in all parts of the country, with many communities hosting tournaments and leagues.
Where is Cornhole today?
As cornhole continues to grow in popularity, its future looks bright. The game has already spawned a variety of spinoffs and variations, such as "glow-in-the-dark" cornhole and "big board" cornhole. It has even been featured in popular culture, with appearances in movies like Wedding Crashers and television shows like The Office.
In recent years, it has seen a surge in popularity thanks to the rise of competitive leagues and tournaments. The ACL has helped to legitimize the sport and bring it to a wider audience. It hosts national and regional tournaments throughout the year, culminating in the ACL Championships, which features the best cornhole players from around the world.
As the popularity of cornhole continues to grow, so does the level of competition. Today's top players can earn thousands of dollars in prize money and endorsements, and the sport has even been included in the World Games, a multi-sport event that features non-Olympic sports.
Cornhole has come a long way since its humble origins as a pastime for farmers in the Midwest. Today, it is a popular sport that is enjoyed by millions of people across the country and around the world. From backyard barbecues to professional tournaments, cornhole has become a cultural phenomenon that shows no signs of slowing down.
Sources: Cornhole: The Story Behind the Game" by Kevin Heckle | The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Games | Games of the North American Indians" by Stewart Cul